How to Become a Web Designer in 12 Steps

A web designer creates the visual interface of a website. Everything from colors and fonts to layout and spacing is decided by the web designer with careful precision and planning.

Depending on the type of web design you do, you may decide to do more than that. For example, you may choose to use a website builder like WordPress, Wix, or Shopify to design websites.

Because many of these platforms are no-code or low-code, you wouldn’t need to hand off your work to a web developer to translate your visual designs into interactive websites. Instead, you’d build the entire website yourself using the platform.

Web design is a complex field that requires certain technical skills and knowledge. However, there are minimal entry barriers, meaning you can get started on your journey into web design right now, even with no experience.

Do you need a degree to become a web designer?

You don’t need a college degree to become a web designer. Some employers and clients require a college education, but those gigs are typically for senior designers and specialists. The same goes for certificate programs.

That said, if you’re looking to give yourself an edge over the competition when applying for jobs, it doesn’t hurt to show off credentials from trusted organizations. Plus, a certification won’t cost you nearly as much time and money as a degree would.

Web design certifications

You don’t technically need a certification to do web design. However, a certification can help you hone your skills and stand out from the competition.

Here are some certifications that would look good on your professional web design resume:

• International Web Association: Get certified in basic web technologies, website design, ecommerce, and more.
• General Assembly: Over the course of 8 weeks, learn the foundational principles and practices of modern web design. At the end, you’ll be certified in visual design.
• freeCodeCamp: This self-paced course will teach you all about HTML and CSS, the basic building blocks of the internet. When you’re finished, you’ll get their Responsive Web Design Certification.

These certificate programs cover the basics of visual design, coding, and more. It’s a good idea to start by mastering these basics first before taking on any specialized programs.

Required skills

Web designers may have different skill sets depending on their area of expertise. However, you typically need a good balance of creative, technical, and professional business skills to succeed as a web designer.

Some you may already have from previous schooling or employment. Others you’ll have to acquire through training and hands-on practice. This is one of the reasons why it takes a while before you can start working as a web designer.

Required Skills for Web Design

Creative skills are the ones that enable you to design beautiful, modern digital interfaces for your clients and their target users. Technical skills are hard skills that allow you to turn your designs into user-friendly websites. Finally, professional business skills are soft skills that allow you to successfully market yourself, find new clients, and establish great working relationships.

If you’re ready to become a web designer, you need to start by gaining the necessary skills and knowledge. This is easier when you know what you need to learn and have access to expert-recommended resources.

1. Train every day

Your first step should be learning web design and acquiring all the adjacent skills you need to do the job. The key is knowing where to access useful educational content and training consistently.

Online tutorials

The nice thing about tutorials is that they’re not as dense as courses. You can quickly tackle micro topics—like navigation design, wireframing, and UX laws—in 20 minutes or less.

There are so many places to go for web design tutorials. It all depends on what type you prefer. For instance, if you want to watch tutorials, these YouTube channels are worth subscribing to:

• developedbyed
• Envato Tuts+
• Flux Academy

If you prefer written tutorials, check out Codecademy and W3Schools.

Online web design courses

While you can teach yourself how to design websites, there are several benefits to enrolling in online courses. For example, you’ll be able to get expert guidance, learn at your own pace, get hands-on experience, and create web pages and websites to add to your portfolio. You can even get certified if you enroll in one of the online certification courses mentioned earlier.

Alternatively, there are other websites that offer web design-related courses, such as Coursera, edX, Treehouse, and Udemy. Even courses that don’t come with a certification are worth taking if they help you acquire new knowledge or skills.

2. Build your toolbox

As a professional web designer, you won’t be able to do your job without the right types of software. From web design applications to content creation tools, here are a few programs and platforms you can use to design interfaces and websites.

Web design software

If you want a place to design pixel-perfect visual interfaces, then you’ll need web design applications like these:

• Adobe Creative Cloud
• Figma
• Sketch

With these tools, you can create wireframes, visual mockups, interactive prototypes, custom graphics, and more.

Website builder software

The other option is to skip the third-party software and jump right into the website builder platform. These are the most popular options:

• SquareSpace
• Wix
• WordPress

These low-code platforms come with intuitive drag-and-drop builders, beautifully designed templates, and plugins that make it easy to create advanced functionality and features.

eCommerce website builder software

If you want to specialize in building online shops, learning how to use ecommerce website builders would be beneficial. Here are a couple of examples of builders you can use:

• BigCommerce
• Shopify
• WooCommerce (this one is part of WordPress)

While you can build stores with regular website builders, these devoted platforms come with all the functionality and tools you need to create and monetize a shop.

3. Come up with a process

There are a lot of moving pieces in web design. Following a well-established process will help you keep things straight and ensure nothing falls through the cracks. Also, the more you repeat the process, the faster you’ll work.

These are the basic stages in website design:

• Research: Learn all about your client, their goals, and the users they intend to reach.
• Information architecture: Create a simple, clear, and logical page and link structure for your website.
• Wireframing: Design the basic layout and structure for your pages and visualize the flow of visitors through the site.
• Visual design: Create mockups of the user interface for each page.
• Prototyping: Bring your designs to life with interactivity, either using prototyping software or your website builder.
• Development: This step is only necessary if you create your designs and prototypes outside of a website builder.
• Quality assurance: Test and review your design to catch any bugs, errors, or inconsistencies prior to launch.
• Launch: Officially publish the website, moving it from a local or staging server to the web.

Once you’ve decided on a process, write it down. Better yet, turn it into a template or checklist for easy retrieval when you start a new job.

4. Figure out what you want to design

It might seem counterintuitive to only work on certain types of websites. However, it will become easier over time to get high-paying gigs if you have an area of expertise.

For instance, let’s say an accounting firm is looking to hire a web designer. They see two great-looking portfolios—one with websites mostly in the financial services sector and one with examples that are all over the place. They’ll be more likely to hire the person who demonstrates firsthand experience within their industry.

How do you choose your area of expertise? You’ll find your niche at the intersection between your passion, the website types you have direct experience designing, and the industries with long-term profitability and potential. Figure out what your perfect niche is and embrace it.

Web design specialties

In addition to choosing a niche, you can also improve your employability by branching out beyond general freelance web design into one of these core web design specialties:

• User interface (UI) design
• User experience (UX) design
• Interaction design

These are highly specialized fields of design that require extensive training and experience. As you learn more about what it takes to become a web designer, you’ll get a feel for the type of designer you want to become and if you want to level up and specialize down the road.

5. Create your own website

Your website should be the best example in your entire portfolio. Any prospective client who sees it should instantly think, “I need that for my own business.”

When building your website, do exactly as you’d do for a client’s site. Follow your process and put your tools to the test. Since this will be the first site you design, it’ll give you a good chance to work out some of the kinks in your workflow before you do any client work.

Your website will need the following pages to start:

• Home page: Explains what you do and why clients should hire you.
• About page: Tells prospective employers and clients more about you, your experience, and expertise.
• Services page: Details the type of design you do and provides high-level details on your process.
• Contact page: Tells potential clients how they can get in touch with you.

Once you start working, you’ll need to add two more pages: Portfolio and Testimonials. These pages will be key to establishing your reputation in web design. Your portfolio page will showcase your best work, and your testimonials page will feature glowing recommendations from satisfied clients you’ve worked with in the past.

6. Get your first gig

Many freelance designers turn to their personal network for their first job. This could be family, friends, coworkers, acquaintances, or old classmates—you never know who might need web design help.

If your network doesn’t have anything for you, that’s okay. The next place to turn to is local businesses and nonprofits that you know or want to support.

While you might not get paid for this work, it’s a low-pressure way to land your first gig, get some practice, and start growing your portfolio.

7. Create listings on marketplace websites

Once you’ve finished your first job, you’ll be ready to list your professional services on freelancer marketplaces. Here are some of the more popular marketplaces pro web designers use:

• 99designs
• Fiverr
• Freelancer.com
• Upwork

These websites give you space to advertise your services and share some of your work. Clients can search for and request your services. You can also apply to jobs on these marketplaces.

However, there are a couple drawbacks. For starters, these sites take a percentage of everything you earn through the platform. Secondly, you’ll be competing against hundreds or even thousands of other designers for each job.

All this is to say that while it’s a good idea to establish yourself on these marketplaces, don’t depend on them to bring you a steady workload.

8. Apply to jobs on a regular basis

You’ll find web design jobs all over the place, not just on marketplace sites. You can also find these contract gigs on traditional job boards for remote and hybrid work (with on-site work potentially available as well if that’s your preference).

Popular job boards include:

• FlexJobs
• Indeed
• SimplyHired

Set aside time either every day or a couple times a week to scour job boards and marketplace sites. Aim to apply to a few gigs in each sitting. Getting in the habit of regularly applying for web design jobs will help you maintain a dependable schedule and keep the money rolling in.

9. Start building out your portfolio

After you finish designing a website for a client, add it to your portfolio. Even as a side hustle, web design work will quickly add up, and you should have an impressive portfolio to show off to prospective clients in about 6 months.

But don’t stop at your website—it’s also a good idea to share your latest work on social media. Photocentric platforms like Instagram and Pinterest are great for this. So are design-specific sites like Dribbble and Behance.

10. Ask for testimonials

Some clients might take your word for it when you explain how experienced and professional you are. However, others will need more than that. Your portfolio serves as the visual proof of what you’re capable of. Testimonials are the written proof—straight from the mouths of your clients.

What you don’t want is generic soundbites, like these:

“He was great!”

“I love my site!”

“Five stars.”

Great testimonials explain what it was really like to work with you and why it was beneficial to hire you. If you can get your happy clients to give more details, their testimonials will be more effective in convincing new clients to pay for your web design services.

11. Join professional groups

Working as a web designer isn’t always an easy ride. Even experienced professionals sometimes need help solving a problem with a website, dealing with troublesome clients, or getting answers to job-related questions. In these situations, having a group of like-minded individuals to turn to can be a lifesaver.

Start with your local community. Meetup.com is a good place to find groups of web designers, creatives, and freelancers. Another option is to look online. Social media platforms like Facebook and LinkedIn have all kinds of professional groups you can join.

12. Always be learning

One final thing you should do to advance your web design career is keep learning. Take more courses. Watch more video tutorials. Subscribe to web design blogs. Attend design conferences.

By prioritizing your education and training, your skills will stay sharp. You’ll also never lose sight of the latest design trends, news, and innovations.

Web design may be a suitable side hustle for introverts with a creative streak and good tech skills. The biggest draw to a web design career is the possibility to work remotely for yourself and achieve high earnings on your own terms.

With that said, you need to be prepared to invest a great deal of time into getting started and ultimately making it as a web designer, both in terms of learning how to do web design as well as finding work and chipping away at big projects over long time periods.

How much do web designers make?

According to Indeed, the average wage of a web designer in the United States is $25.36 per hour. 1 This is in line with typical rates among web designers on Upwork, which fall in the range of $15–$30 per hour. 2

Those earnings quickly go up as you amass experience. Particularly skilled or experienced designers can earn up to $70 per hour. 3 However, it’s not just experience that influences your earning potential. These other factors also affect how much money you make as a web designer:

• Degrees and certifications
• Location
• Design specialty
• Additional skills and services
• Type and length of employment

How much you earn as a web designer ultimately comes down to what you’re willing to invest in this career or side hustle to make it worth your while.

Alternative side hustles

If you’ve decided that web design isn’t really worth it as a side hustle or you’re looking for a creative side hustle with more relaxed expectations, consider going into one of the following fields:

• Photography
• Graphic design
• YouTube content creation

These side hustles have their own unique challenges, but they also open the door to earning an income from doing fun and creative projects on your own schedule.